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Posts Tagged ‘problem stutter’

The Reason Behind Stammering Syndrome

Wednesday, December 30th, 2009

Stuttering in childhood is one of the most common fluency disorders, affecting about 1% of the population at any given time. When a child stutters, he or she speaks with a disrupted flow, often repeating the same sounds, words or syllables over and over again. Often, stuttering is completely natural as children are learning their language skills, although some kids begin to develop behavioral problems or feel depressed if their speech problem persists. Researchers are still examining exactly why people stutter, but there are a number of findings that point to some of the contributing factors in developmental stuttering.

A major National Institute of Health study recently uncovered several locations on a couple of different chromosomes that may point to a genetic reason for stuttering. “The data supports our previous conclusions about the role of genetics in stuttering. Progress in this area will produce some of the most important information in this research in decades,” says Prof. Ehud Yairi from the Tel Aviv University School of Medicine. Over the years, many other studies of families and twins show patterns that suggest nature might deliver a propensity toward stuttering and anxiety.

However, another argument as to why people stutter is that it may be nurture more than nature. Since we learn to talk by listening to people around us, we may pick up bad habits from hearing other family members who may have speech problems. Many parents argue that they do not stutter around their children, although we often stutter when we are nervous or excited, without even realizing it. Several studies found that the most chronic cases of childhood stuttering were found in households where the father also stuttered, which suggests that either nature or nurture is at play.

Even though stuttering is not believed to be a mental problem, the psychological factors of why people stutter cannot be ignored. Many people stutter when they are stressed out, embarrassed, nervous or uncomfortable. Once the stuttering occurs, the individual then begins to feel self-conscious, anxious and depressed. These negative emotions tend to create even more stuttering and hopelessness in a never-ending cycle. For this reason, speech therapy is critical in helping a person get over stuttering. They must understand they are not alone, there is nothing dysfunctional about them and that this condition can be cured.

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Young Girls are More Prone to Stammering

Wednesday, December 30th, 2009

While much is known about speech difficulties, there is still so much to learn. For example, we know that childhood stuttering is three to four times’ more prevalent in boys than in girls, but we don’t know why. Additionally, there is a genetic propensity to either stutter at some point in life or to never stutter, but no genes have been isolated. It appears that diminishing the dopamine flow and increasing the Gaba flow in the brain reduces stuttering, but why? Stuttering therapy has come a long way in recent years, but there are so many questions yet to be answered. For now, there are several approaches for serious stutterers, depending on their age.

There is a hung jury over when to begin therapy for stuttering. Some people say that pre-k is too early and that most of these kids will simply outgrow stuttering on their own and that early intervention can undermine a child’s confidence levels. However, the tide is slowly turning toward sending kids in for stuttering control early-on. The latest research shows that the sooner a child receives treatment, the higher the chances of that child gaining lasting fluency. At the American Institute for Stuttering, kids ages 2 to 6 will arrive for weekly sessions that involve parents and caretakers.

Stuttering therapy for teens and adults is significantly more complex. Teens and adults will need to learn how they can change limiting beliefs, stop avoiding social situations and overcome road blocks to fluent speech. The stuttering program will also need to deal with emotional pain, like low self-esteem, depression and anxiety. Often the best mentors are people who have overcome stuttering themselves and who can offer a realistic light at the end of the tunnel. More information on adult programs can be found at www.stutteringtreatment.org.

Prescribed drugs are another form of stuttering therapy that has received a lot of attention in recent years. For 10 years now, dopamine-blocking stuttering medication has been used with some success. Some patients reported weight gain and blood sugar increases, although their stuttering decreased. Just this year, a revolutionary new drug called pagoclone is undergoing clinical trials to some success. Instead of blocking dopamine, this drug increases the natural neurochemical GABA, which has been hypothesized to play a role in speech problems like stuttering. In an early study of 130 adults, pagoclone was found to improve symptoms in more than 50% of the affected population. It also decreased speech anxiety in all of the patients. For more information on these trials, visit www.stutteringstudy.com.

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